甲醛对人体健康的危害有多大?从临床医学的角度来说,主要分为 3 个方面:
From the perspective of clinical medicine, it can be divided into three aspects
1.刺激作用:甲醛是原浆毒物质,能与蛋白质结合,室内甲醛超标,会刺激眼睛、鼻子、咽喉,高浓度吸入时,很可能导致中毒。
1. Irritant effect: formaldehyde is the original plasma toxic substance,
which can combine with protein. Indoor formaldehyde exceeding the
standard will stimulate eyes, nose and throat. When inhaled in high
concentration, it is likely to cause poisoning.
2.致敏作用:直接接触到高浓度甲醛的皮肤,很容易产生过敏性皮炎、色斑,甚至皮肤坏死,诱发肺炎、慢性支气管炎。
2. Sensitization: direct contact with the skin with high concentration
of formaldehyde is easy to produce allergic dermatitis, color spots, and
even skin necrosis, leading to pneumonia and chronic bronchitis.
3.致突变作用:高浓度甲醛还是一种基因毒性物质,对肾脏、肝脏、胰腺、脾脏等器官造成损害,导致突变,引发癌症。男子长期吸入甲醛,会导致精子存活几率低;孕妇长期处于甲醛超标环境,可能导致胎儿畸形。
3. Mutagenicity: high concentration formaldehyde is also a genotoxic
substance, which can cause damage to kidney, liver, pancreas, spleen and
other organs, leading to mutation and cancer. Long term inhalation of
formaldehyde in men will lead to low sperm survival rate; long term
exposure to formaldehyde in pregnant women may lead to fetal
malformation